July 2026, Volume 4, Issue 7

Author

S. Prakash, M. Aishwarya Vaishnavi and T. Uma

Abstract

Background: Gestational Diabetes mellitus is the most common complications affecting pregnancy which impacts the maternal as well as foetal outcome. Maternal obesity is one among the various risk factors for GDM which can be contributed by Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) deficiency. So, we aimed to measure Serum Cobalamin levels in GDM mothers and compared with Non GDM mothers. Materials and Methods: We conducted a Prospective cross - sectional study including 50 antenatal mothers with GDM and 50 healthy non GDM antenatal controls. We measured Serum cobalamin levels, OGCT, FBS, BMI in both the groups and compared using independent t test and chi square tests. The correlation between serum cobalamin and other parameters were done by Pearson correlation and ROC curve analysis was done to measure the cut off of Cobalamin in predicting GDM. Results: Maternal serum cobalamin was significantly lower in GDM mothers than controls (246.78 ±60.52 pg/ml vs 410.89 ±145.9 pg/ml p<0.001). OGCT, FBS and BMI were significantly increased in GDM mothers than controls (p value <0.001). OGCT and FBS showed significant negative correlation with Cobalamin (p value <0.001). ROC curve analysis of serum cobalamin showed cut-off threshold value as 301.7 pg/ml with AUC of 0.954 (95% C.I = 0.892-0.986) with a statistically significant p value (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Low Maternal serum Cobalamin levels are significantly associated with GDM and it can be utilised as a biomarker to indicate gestational diabetes in pregnant women. Vit B12 supplements can be added to high-risk antenatal mothers.