January 2024, Volume 2, Issue 1

Author

Nirmal Kumar Agarwal, Dhirendra Nath Choudhury and Tapash Kumar Kalita

Abstract

Background: A common emergency of the abdomen with a significant morbidity and fatality rate is gastrointestinal perforation. In the treatment of perforation, surgery is important. Scoring systems are required for prognosis, comparing, and auditing surgical procedures. Methods: A prospective study conducted at a single center with a sample of 100 individuals who had hollow viscus perforation was carried out. Investigations or a laparotomy were used to confirm the diagnosis. The death rate, anastomotic leak, dehiscence, infection, and respiratory issues, as well as hospital and intensive care unit stays were all followed prospectively over a 30-day period for all patients. Results: Duodenal perforation was the commonest among hollow viscus perforations. The 20-40 age range was the most severely affected. Males suffer more than females. Complications can be avoided with a correct early diagnosis and suitable treatment. The site, size, age, and number of perforations all affect the surgical method. P-POSSUM and APACHE II scores were strongly correlated with outcomes such as post-operative wound dehiscence, respiratory issues, ICU stay, and hospital stay. When predicting mortality, POSSUM score was found to be superior to MPI. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal perforations result in substantial morbidity and occasionally fatality. The most frequent reason for an acute abdomen requiring prompt, effective surgical intervention is hollow viscus perforation. Complications can be avoided with an accurate early diagnosis and sufficient treatment. The surgical strategy is determined by the perforation's location, size, age, and quantity.